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天天關(guān)注:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是怎樣的?被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)怎么練習(xí)?
2022-11-02 09:39:57 來(lái)源:環(huán)球傳媒網(wǎng) 編輯:

哈嘍小伙伴們 ,今天給大家科普一個(gè)小知識(shí)。在日常生活中我們或多或少的都會(huì)接觸到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)題(英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練—被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))方面的一些說(shuō)法,有的小伙伴還不是很了解,今天就給大家詳細(xì)的介紹一下關(guān)于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)題(英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練—被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)題(英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練—被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))


(相關(guān)資料圖)

英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài):主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。

一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)

主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞be +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(+ by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的變化分為規(guī)則變化(-ed)和不規(guī)則變化(需特殊記憶)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的不同時(shí)態(tài)是通過(guò)be的時(shí)態(tài)變化來(lái)表示的,其人稱(chēng)和數(shù)方面應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)保持一致,具體變化如下:

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):

肯定句:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)

否定句:主語(yǔ)+am not/isn’t/aren’t+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)

一般疑問(wèn)句:Be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)?Yes, 主語(yǔ) be.(肯定回答)No, 主語(yǔ) be not.(否定回答)

2.一般過(guò)去時(shí):

肯定句:主語(yǔ)+was/were+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)

否定句:主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)

一般疑問(wèn)句:Was/Were主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)? Yes, 主語(yǔ) was/were.(肯定回答)No,主語(yǔ) wasn’t/weren’t.(否定回答)

3.一般將來(lái)時(shí):

肯定句:主語(yǔ)+be going to/will be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)

否定句:主語(yǔ)+be not going to/will not be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)

一般疑問(wèn)句:Be/Will主語(yǔ)+ going to/be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)? Yes,主語(yǔ) be/will.(肯定回答) No,主語(yǔ) be not/won’t.(否定回答)

4.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

肯定句:主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)

否定句:主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 not+be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)

一般疑問(wèn)句:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)?

二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法

1.不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,或者沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如:Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.

2.當(dāng)動(dòng)作的承受者比起動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者來(lái)說(shuō)更能引起人們的關(guān)心而需要加以強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:This kind of bike isn’t sold in our shop.

三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)間的轉(zhuǎn)換

1.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。

2.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤癰e+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”,并通過(guò)be的變化來(lái)表達(dá)出不同的時(shí)態(tài)。

3.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by 的賓語(yǔ),放在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)里謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后(by 短語(yǔ)有時(shí)可以省略)。如:Many old people still love this song.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) This song is still loved by many old people.

四、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的特例

1.含有雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),有兩種方法:

(1)將間接賓語(yǔ)(人)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ),直接賓語(yǔ)(物)保持不變。

(2)將直接賓語(yǔ)(物)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ),間接賓語(yǔ)(人)用介詞to或for引導(dǎo)。如:The teacher told us a story.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) We were told a story (by the teacher)./A story was told to us by the teacher.

Mum bought me a new coat.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))I was bought a new coat (by mum)./ A new coat was bought for me (by mum).

2.不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),但某些不及物動(dòng)詞加上介詞或副詞后,就變成了及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),可以變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),但是要把這個(gè)短語(yǔ)看成是一個(gè)整體,不能分開(kāi),介詞或副詞不能省略。如:The old should be taken good care of.

3.make,have,see,notice, watch, hear等在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中接省to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)to要加上。如:The boss made them work ten hours a day.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) They were made to work ten hours a day.

五、練習(xí)

(一)根據(jù)句意,用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Chinese_____(speak)by the largest number of people.

2.The sports meeting_____(not hold)until next week.

3.Tea_____(bring) to Western countries in the 19th century.

4.The People’s Republic of China_____(found) on October 1, 1949.

5.--Look at the sky! The rain_____(stop).

--Let’s go out for a walk.

6.The problem_____(discuss) at the meeting tomorrow.

7.Many people_____(influence)by Confucius’s ideas today.

8.These photos can______(put)up on the school website.

9.An email_____(send)to her yesterday evening.

10._____Daming_____(choose)for the team last time?

(二)句子翻譯(用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)完成)。

1.將來(lái)書(shū)會(huì)被網(wǎng)絡(luò)取代嗎?

2.早上8點(diǎn)前,這項(xiàng)工作一定要完成。

3.這個(gè)男孩剛剛被看見(jiàn)進(jìn)教室了。

4.桌子上這本書(shū)不是魯迅寫(xiě)的。

5.我們每天打掃教室兩次。

6.放學(xué)后允許學(xué)生去圖書(shū)館。

7.它被認(rèn)為是最偉大的美國(guó)故事之一。

8.學(xué)生的作業(yè)應(yīng)該及時(shí)上交。

9.上周她給媽媽買(mǎi)了一份生日禮物。

10.你知道我們學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)什么時(shí)候舉行嗎?

*練習(xí)參考答案

(一)1.is spoken 2.isn’t going to be held/won’t he held 3.was brought 4.was founded 5.has stopped 6.is going to be discussed/will be discussed 7.are influenced 8.be put 9.was sent 10.Was chosen

(二)1.Will books be replaced by the Internet in the future?

2.The work must be finished before 8 o’clock in the morning.

3.The boy was seen to enter the classroom just now.

4.The book on the desk wasn’t written by Lu Xun.

5.The classroom is cleaned (by us) twice a day.

6.Students are allowed to go to the library after school.

7.It’s thought to be one of the greatest American stories.

8.Students’homework should be handed in in time.

9.A birthday present was bought for her mum(by her) last week./ Her mum was bought a birthday present (by her)last week.

10.Do you know when the sports meeting will be held in our school?

關(guān)鍵詞: 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)題 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練—被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

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